Transmission gear



` Feb. 4, 1936. w. BLACK TRANSMISSION GEAR 5 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Jan. 23, 195:5 Fl'g, 4

w. BLACK 2,029,981

TRANSMISSION GEARv Filed Jan. 25, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fl'gl 7 Feb. 4, 1936.

'Patented Feb. `4, 1936 UNlTi-:D STATES AAiAri-:N'l OFFICE TRANSMISSION GEAR Willy Black, Hanover, Germany, assignor to Franz Kruckenberg and Curt Stedefeld, both of Hanover, Germany vApplication January 23, 1933, Serial No. 653,146 In Germany January 29, 1932 l 8 Claims. (Cl. 105-118) Reversal of land vehicles driven by nonreversaid of toothed gearing ybehind the hydraulic gear,

- which is very undesirable for constructional and operating reasons. Another known possibility is Ato .provide separate turbine wheels one for each direction of travel, either of which can be coupled to the primary .wheelg This arrangement however has the disadvantage that high efciency can only be obtained Vin one direction of travel. It is much better if a. separate Fttinger gear is provided for each directionof travel. But in the constructions hitherto known of this kind also, all gears were driven in the same direction. The secondary wheels of the gears lfor one direction of travel are connected to'the shaft or axle to lbe driven through permanently meshed toothed 2 'wheel reverse gears which run light in the other direction of travel. This arrangement has con- 4structional disadvantages and involves the -additional toothed ,reversing gears in that part of the transmission which transmits high'torques.

: Itis much better if a separate Fttinger gear is used for each direction of travel, the primary wheels being, according to the invention, drivenv in opposite directions by the prime motor. The

toothed wheels necessary for this have only low torques to transmit and the primary wheels of the Fttinger gears may even .be speeded up with respect tothe motor. Since toothed wheels lor *other gearing is not necessary behind the if; secondary, wheels, it ispossible tomountthe i Fttingerv gears for both directions of travel.di

o rectly on the driving axles.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate typical embodiments of the invention,

Fig. l is a fragmentary longitudinal section '4.5i through a vehicle truck having two driven axles,

v. a Fttinger hydraulic transmission gear for each direction of travel being mounted on each axle, Fig. 2 is' a plan view of the same, with parts shown in horizontal section, Fig. 3is a plan view of a driving truck having a pair of reversing hydraulic gears carried by each of the driving axles, the pairs of gears being of different ratios for operation at-different ranges of the vehicle speed, 55 Fig. 4'is a fragmentary plan view of a `driving arrangement similar to that of Figs. 1 and 2, but in which the entire weight of the transmission gearing is] not unsprung,

Figs. 5 and 6 are plan views of systems in lwhich connecting rods form part of the drive 5 to one or both axles, and

Figs. 7 and 8 are a fragmentary verticalfsjection and a fragmentary horizontal section, respectively, of a semi-sprung transmission gear embodying the invention. y l0 y As drive through a single vehicle axleis often insuiiicient to produce the necessary tractive effort, an arrangement for two driving axles is shown in Figures .1 and 2. The motor driven shaft II transmits its torque through the wheels 15 I2 and I3 to the Cardan or like shaft I6 provided with bevel gears I4 'and I5. Since the further transmission parts of both axles I'I and I8 are exactly similar, only that shown in section will be further described. The bevel wheel 20 I4 drives the two bevel wheels 2| and 22 on the jprimary shafts I9 and 20 respectively, whereby the primary shafts loose on the axle ILtogether with the respective primary wheels 23 and 24 are driven in opposite directions. The two sec- 25 ondary wheels 25 and 26 of the Fttinger gears or transformers are fast upon the axle I1. The casing 2'I.covers the xed bladeparts 28 and 29. The axle I'I is borne in bearings 30 and 2| in the casing'21, which itself is guided in the so usual horns 32 and 33 in the frame 34. -This ar;- rangement shown in Figures l and 2 is the sim-4 plest possible -construction of the gear in so far that neither loose shafts nor coupling rods are needed. It is therefore particularly suitable for 35 vehicles for high-speeds, in which moreover on account of the high speed of rotationffof the wheels the dimensions of the transformers be come small and very convenient. Further, owing to the transformers, in addition to damping of vibration, uniform distribution of the motor torque fromv the wheel I3 through shaft I6 to the bevel wheels Il and. I5 is obtained as well as full compensation of speed differences between the two axles. The shaft .I6 with the wheels I4 45 and I5 and so forth can therefore be made Very light'.

Ifin a vehicle particularly high increase in 'torque with high eiciency is required, this can be obtained in known manner b'y the use of sev- 50 era1 Fttinger transformers, each designed for a particular speed range. Making use of the present invention, in Athis case a constructionis obtained of which an example with two driving axles'and two different transformers mounted 55 upon them is shown in Figure 3 (plan). 'Ihe axle I1 carries two large transformers 35 and 36 for each direction of travel, for obtaining large tractive efforts, while the smaller transfarmers 31 and38 on the axle I8 are used for higher speeds and smaller tractive eorts. The motor driven shaft II, as in Figure l, transmits its torque through a pair of toothed wheels to the coupling shaft I6. As in this case only one 0f the four Fttinger gears 35; 36, 31 and 38 is in action at a time, the axles must be connected by coupling rods 39 and 49 if necessary to obtain suiilcient adhesive weight).

Figure 4 (half plan with 'horizontal midsection) has the same basic form as Figures'l and 2, except that the whole of the driving parts here do not form part of the unsprung weight. The wheel axles are borne in known manner outside the wheels, while the part of each axle lying between the wheels is enclosed by a hollow shaft 4I of which the clear bore permits-the-up hicle only one half of one Aaxle is shown in sec- Y tion. The houow shaft'al is rotatamy borne in the bearing 42 in the casing 43 which is rigidly attached to the vehicle frame 34 and again carries the fixed blades 29 of the transformer. The secondary wheel 25 is fast upon the hollow shaft, while the primary shaft I9 with ythe primary .wheel 423 and the bevel. wheel 2I is rotatably borne thereon. As in Figures 1 and 2 the bevel wheel 2l is in mesh with the driving bevel wheel 'Ihe 'end of the hollow shaft projecting beyond.

the bearing 42 is connected with the driving wheel 45 by parts 44 as in a Buchli coupling or the Figure 5 (plan) shows an advantageous arrangement for vehicles with lower speeds, in which the use of coupling rods is possible. The whole output is transmitted from the shaft`I I for each direction of travel respectively through Y one offtwo Pttinger transformers 3'5- and 36,

both of which are upon one driving axle I1. The drlve'is transmitted to further axles through coupling rods, for example 39 and 40. The mechanical as well as the hydraulic part of the power transmission is here very simple. Springing of the driving gear in this construction is obtainable by the use of`a hollow loose shaft according to Figure 4 or a loose shaft separately borne in the framel according to Figure 6 (plan).

'I'he shaft I I coupled to the motor drives the shaft 41 over the Fttinger transformer 35' or 38 according to the desired direction of travel, the shaft being borne in the casing. rigidly attached to the frame 34. The torque of the shaft 41 is transmitted to the driving axles I1 or I8 through coupling rods 39 and 40.

The arrangement of a separate loose shaft according to Figure 6 makes possible themounting of particularly large transformers to obtain.

high tractive eorts. for with' suitable designof the coupling rod transmission the loose shaft can be mounted in known manner a certain distance vhigher than the wheel axles.

An intermediate arrangement between a fully sprung and a fully unsprung transmission gear. is obtained according to Figures '1` (vertical sectioon the line VII-VII) and 8 (horizontal midsection) with the Fttinger .gear arranged similarlyto the semi-sprung motors of electrically driven vehicles.

vwheels and said driving axle.

wheel 50. This meshes with a wheel 5I`fast on the driving shaft I1. The casing 52 enclosing the whole gear contains the fixed guide vanes 28 and 29 and the bearings 53 and 54 of the secondary shaft. The casing rests with the bearings 55 and 56 on the driving shaft I1 while the arms 51 and 58 are spring suspended in known manner in the frame 34. Further driving axles canbe driven by coupling rods 39 and 4 0 if each driving shaft is not provided with a separate gear arranged as in the drawings.

'Ihis construction has the particular advantage owing to the toothed wheels 5I) and 5I that the speed ofthe secondary wheel' of the Fttinger gear need not be the same as that of the driving wheels. By suitable choice of the ratio of these wheels the speed of the secondary shaft 49 can be considerably increased and the weight of space required by the Fttinger gear thus considerably reduced.

In particularly limited space conditions for example in narrow gauge vehicles, it is possible that only a single Fttinger gear willbe mounted on a single axle. In this 'case one axle will serve for forward travel and the other for backward ent invention, instead of the torque increasing Fttinger gears having stationary guide vanes illustrated in each case, naturally two part Fttinger gears without xed guide vanes (hydraulic couplings) can be used, yfor example when the vehicle is driven by a prime motor whose torque is ysufficient to overcome the resistance directly.

1. A power transmission for land vehicles. selfpropelled railway oars and the like, comprising a driving axle carrying a pair ofjdrlving wheels, a driving shaft extending longitudinally of the vehicle and adapted to be continuously driven by a non-reversing power plant, a pair of hydraulic transmission gears each including a driving turbine wheel cooperating with a xed guide wheel and a driven wheel, the axes of saidtransmission gears extending transversely of the vehicle,me chanical gearing actuated by saididriving shaft for rotating the driving turbinewheels simultaneously in opposite directions with respect to.

each other, and means actuated alternatively by said driven turbine wheels for driving'the said axle, said means comprising permanently-engaged drivingconnections between said' driven 2. A power .tron as claimed claim'l, wherein said transmission gears are both mounted on said axle.

3. A power transmission as claimed in claim 1. wherein said transmission gears are mounted on a common shaft extending transversely of said vehicle, and said last means includes a connecting' rod between each driven turbine wheel and said axle,

4. A power transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein said gears are semi-spring mounted on a shaft adjacent to and parallel to the said axle, and said last means includes means fixing each driven turbine wheel to said shaft, and mechanical gears between said shaft and said axle.

5. A power transmission for vehicles having a longitudinally arranged driving shaft, said transmission comprising the combination with a truck having a pair of axles each carrying a pair of driving wheels, of two hydraulic transmission systems each including at least one Fttinger transformer having a driving turbine wheel on a hollow shaft and cooperating with a guide Wheel and driven turbine wheel, means supporting the said transmission systems adjacent the respective axles and with the said axles passing through the respective hollow shafts, mechanical coupling means actuated by said driving shaft for rotating the said driving turbine wheels simultaneously in opposite directions with respect to each other, and means mechanically connecting each of said driven turbine wheels to the axle adjacent which the same is mounted.

6. A power transmission as claimed in claim 5, wherein said hydraulic transmission systems are of diierent ratio for operating the vehicle at different speed ranges. each transmission system including a pair of Fttinger transformers, and

the said mechanical coupling means rotates the driving turbine wheels of each of said pairs simultaneously in opposite directions with respect to eachother.

'1. A power transmission as claimed in claim 5, wherein said means mechanically connecting the said respective turbine wheels to their associated axles comprises a second hollow shaft surrounding each axle, the said hollow shafts of the driving turbine wheels being rotatably mounted on said second hollow shafts, flexible driving connections between each of said second hollow shafts and its associated axle, and the said means supporting said transmission systems is connected to the sprung portion of the vehicle.

8. A power transmission for vehicles having a longitudinally arranged driving shaft, said transmission comprising the combination with a truck having a. pair of axles each carrying a pair of driving wheels, of two hydraulic transmission systems each including at least one Fttinger transformer having a driving turbine wheel on a hollow shaft and cooperating with a guide wheel and driven turbine wheel, means mounting the said transmission systems on the respective axles and with the said axles passing through the respective hollow shafts, mechanical coupling means actuated by said driving shaft for rotating the said driving turbine wheels simultaneously in opposite directions with respect to each other, and means mechanically connecting each of said driven turbine wheels to the axle on which the same is mounted.

WILLY BLACK. 

